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No. 303 Polish Fighter Squadron
No. 303 ("Kościuszko") Polish Fighter Squadron (''(ポーランド語:303 Dywizjon Myśliwski "Warszawski im. Tadeusza Kościuszki")'') was one of 16 Polish squadrons in the Royal Air Force (RAF) during the Second World War. It was the highest scoring of RAF squadrons during the Battle of Britain.〔Olson and Cloud 2003〕〔Zaloga and Hook 1982, p. 15.〕〔Gretzyngier and Matusiak 1998, p. 25.〕
The squadron was named after the Polish and United States hero General Tadeusz Kościuszko, and the eponymous Polish 7th Air Escadrille founded by Merian C. Cooper, that served Poland in the 1919–1921 Polish-Soviet War. No. 303 was formed in July 1940 in Blackpool, Britain 〔http://www.polishsquadronsremembered.com/303/303_story.html〕 before deployment to RAF Northolt on 2 August as part of an agreement between the Polish Government in Exile and the United Kingdom. It had a distinguished combat record and was disbanded in December 1946.
==History==
No. 303 (Polish) Squadron was from 2 August 1940 based at RAF Northolt, and became operational on 31 August. Its initial cadre was 13 Officer and 8 NCO pilots and 135 Polish ground staff. At the outset, serving RAF officers were appointed to serve as CO (S/L RG Kellett) and Flight Commanders (F/L JA Kent and F/L AS Forbes) alongside the Poles, as the Polish pilots were unfamiliar with RAF Fighter Command language, procedures and training.
The name chosen by the squadron was in honour of the famous Polish Kosciuszko Squadron which fought during the Polish-Soviet War in 1920. No. 303 Squadron was also linked to the original Kosciuszko Escadrille through personnel that had served in the squadron. Later, further air force units from the aforementioned unit were renamed the 7th, 121st and 111th Escadrilles of the Polish Air Force.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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